Ґендерна політика в митних органах України: стан досліджень і європейський вектор розвитку

Abstract

This article examines the relevance of ensuring gender equality within the activities of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in light of integration processes, the growing role of women in public administration, and the state's international obligations. Gender policy in the customs sector is identified as a crucial component of institutional development and the implementation of inclusivity and non discrimination principles. The term “gender” is explored as a social construct shaped by cultural, economic, and historical contexts. Despite global efforts—particularly by the WCO, UN, and ILO—customs labor markets remain characterized by vertical and horizontal segregation. The article presents comparative data on gender representation in customs services in Ukraine, the EU, the USA, and Canada, highlighting existing barriers to women’s career advancement. It analyzes the experience of the WCO in introducing the Gender Equality Organizational Assessment Tool (GEOAT), and explores best practices from Germany, Canada, and Scandinavian countries in developing gender-sensitive customs policies. Special attention is given to the results of the gender audit conducted by the State Customs Service of Ukraine in 2022, which revealed institutional gaps in staffing, inclusivity, and women's professional development. The study concludes with practical recommendations for improving recruitment policies, creating gender-sensitive working environments, ensuring equal access to leadership positions, and implementing mentorship programs aligned with international standards to promote an inclusive and effective administrative system.