Типологізація механізмів прямого іноземного інвестування: інституційний аспект

Abstract

У статті розкрита сутність та особливості інституційного підходу до залучення та використання прямих іноземних інвестицій. Здійснена типологізація механізмів прямого іноземного інвестування шляхом виокремлення їхніх фінансової, фіскальної та інституціональної складових і визначено відповідні інструменти, які можуть носити як стимулюючий, так і обмежуючий характер. Introduction. The processes of direct foreign investment have mixed implications for different countries and regions. On the one hand, they positively influence the potential of integration of countries into the world economic space, and, on the other, lead to structural deformations. These deformations are largely due to the ineffective regulation of investment processes by the state and the imperfect operation of institutional mechanisms of direct foreign investment. Purpose. The aim is to reveal the essence and peculiarities of the institutional approach to the attraction and use of foreign direct investment. The task is to implement the typology of direct foreign investment mechanisms. Methods. The article uses the logical-semantic method and the method of scientific abstraction - for the study of the conceptual-categorical apparatus of economic theory on issues of direct foreign investment and its mechanisms; the method of complex analysis and the retrospective method -to study changes in the mechanisms of direct foreign investment. Results. The result of study is propositions to improving of direct foreign investment mechanisms by distinguishing their financial, fiscal and institutional components. Conclusions the typology of modern foreign direct investment mechanisms has made it possible to distinguish their financial, fiscal and institutional components and identify appropriate instruments that can be both stimulating and restrictive. The provisions of the institutional theory reveal the adaptive or innovative nature of the transformation of the mechanisms of direct foreign investment as a set of dynamic changes in their financial, fiscal, institutional components under the influence of structural changes in global investment flows and the institutional environment of the recipient countries.